Throughout the year, scientists have continued to alert public opinion to the many consequences that will result from climate change, such as the probable extinction of an animal species in six worldwide. Chief among their concerns is also the question of the risks that harvests will be exposed, and many foodstuffs. In many parts of the world, farmers will face daily complications, and sometimes deep in their activity.
To better understand the changes that the agricultural sector will face, and efforts by scientists to adapt the crops to drought, the British channel BBC recently sought the opinion of several researchers and specialists around the world.
Using genes from "resurrection plant", Jill Farrant, a researcher at the University of Cape Town, for example, is working to increasing the lifetime of crops without these have need water.
Despite alarmist statements many experts saying that "food is endangered", nothing allows today to affirm with certainty that the widespread foods such as beans, chocolate, wine, corn, or flour will cease to exist in the near future. "Crops will not be directly affected by the possibility of extinction (...) they will continue to grow somewhere in the world," says Andrew Jarvis, who heads a research group in the US on climate change, agriculture and food security.
If a major risk of extinction and large scale food stuffs is to exclude the future of our food is not provided reassuring. In many regions, the man will certainly change the places where he now used to grow his crops. If such a scenario were to be confirmed, several people may be deprived of certain foods. "Although the majority of the food industry is not reached, food safety may be impacted," said Margaret Walsh, who works on environmental issues at the US State Department.
If some cultures still manage to be developed in some parts of the globe, it is not certain that the inhabitants of the planet can have access like today. Furthermore, the production of certain foods such as coffee or chocolate would likely be significantly affected by global warming. The level of impact these foods depend on the magnitude of global warming, but in general, the regions where temperatures exceed 30 degrees Celsius are particularly hostile to agriculture, says Wolfram Schlenker, University professor Columbia. For example, according to statistics studies developed with his teams, the production of corn and soybeans in the United States suffers from a drastic decrease when temperatures exceed the threshold of 30 degrees Celsius.
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